Most people clean fruit with a quick rinse under the tap. For dirt, dust, and surface debris, that often gets the job done. Research suggests one common kitchen ingredient may remove more from the surface of fruit than water alone.
That ingredient is baking soda. A study from the University of Massachusetts found that a baking soda solution removed common pesticide residues from apples more effectively than water or other washing methods.
Researchers Tested A Simple Kitchen Solution
The study examined two common pesticides applied to apples. Researchers soaked the fruit in a baking soda solution made with water and a small amount of baking soda.
After 15 minutes, the solution removed surface residues more effectively than plain water. One pesticide was removed almost completely from the surface, while the second showed substantial reduction.
The results attracted attention because the method used ingredients already found in most kitchens.
Baking Soda Works Differently Than Water
Water helps wash away dirt and loose particles. Baking soda changes the environment around certain pesticide compounds.
Researchers found that the alkaline properties of baking soda help break down some pesticide residues, making them easier to remove during rinsing.
That process appears to work better on certain surface pesticides than water alone.
Not Every Pesticide Can Be Removed
The method has limits.
Some pesticides are designed to remain on the surface of produce, while others are absorbed into the fruit itself. Once a pesticide moves beneath the skin, washing becomes far less effective.
Even in the apple study, some residue remained inside the peel after soaking.
How The Fruit Is Washed Matters
A short soak followed by a rinse appears to be the key step.
One commonly used method combines 2 teaspoons of baking soda with 1 quart of water. Fruit is submerged for about 30 seconds to several minutes before being rinsed under cold running water.
Berries, grapes, apples, peaches, plums, and other firm fruits are often used with this approach.
Simple Ingredients Still Have A Place In The Kitchen
Produce remains one of the healthiest foods people can eat, whether conventionally grown or organic.
Washing fruit before eating has always been a good habit. Research suggests that adding baking soda to the process may help remove more surface residue than water alone, using an ingredient that already sits in many kitchen cabinets.
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